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Template:Infobox niobium - Revision history
2026-05-03T11:43:34Z
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setup>ComplexRational: ground state above isomer
2019-10-06T17:16:43Z
<p>ground state above isomer</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{infobox element<br />
|number=41<br />
|symbol=Nb<br />
|name=niobium<br />
|alt name=<br />
|abundance=<br />
|abundance in earth's crust=<br />
|abundance in oceans=<br />
|abundance in solar system=<br />
|left=[[zirconium]]<br />
|right=[[molybdenum]]<br />
|above=[[vanadium|V]]<br />
|below=[[tantalum|Ta]]<br />
|group=5<br />
|period=5<br />
|block=d<br />
|image name=Niobium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg<br />
|appearance=gray metallic, bluish when oxidized<br />
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 12, 1<br />
|phase=<br />
|density gpcm3nrt=8.57<br />
|melting point K=2750<br />
|melting point C=2477<br />
|melting point F=4491<br />
|boiling point K=5017<br />
|boiling point C=4744<br />
|boiling point F=8571<br />
|heat fusion=30<br />
|heat vaporization=689.9<br />
|heat capacity=24.60<br />
|vapor pressure 1=2942<br />
|vapor pressure 10=3207<br />
|vapor pressure 100=3524<br />
|vapor pressure 1 k=3910<br />
|vapor pressure 10 k=4393<br />
|vapor pressure 100 k=5013<br />
|vapor pressure comment=<br />
|crystal structure=cubic body-centered<br />
|electronegativity=1.6<br />
|number of ionization energies=3<br />
|ionization energy 1=652.1<br />
|ionization energy 2=1380<br />
|ionization energy 3=2416<br />
|atomic radius=146<br />
|covalent radius=164±6<br />
|magnetic ordering=paramagnetic<br />
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=n<br />
|electrical resistivity at 0=152<br />
|thermal conductivity=53.7<br />
|thermal expansion=7.3<br />
|speed of sound rod at 20=3480<br />
|magnetic susceptibility=<br />
|magnetic susceptibility ref=<br />
|Young's modulus=105<br />
|Shear modulus=38<br />
|Bulk modulus=170<br />
|Poisson ratio=0.40<br />
|Mohs hardness=6.0<br />
|Vickers hardness=870–1320<br />
|Brinell hardness=735–2450<br />
|CAS number=7440-03-1<br />
|isotopes=<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=90 | sym=Nb<br />
|na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=15&nbsp;h<br />
|dm=[[positron emission|β<sup>+</sup>]] | de=– | link1=zirconium-90 | pn=90 | ps=Zr}}<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=91 | sym=Nb<br />
|na=syn | hl=680&nbsp;y<br />
|dm=[[electron capture|ε]] | de=– | link1=zirconium-91 | pn=91 | ps=Zr}}<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=91[[nuclear isomer|m]] | sym=Nb<br />
|na=syn | hl=61&nbsp;d<br />
|dm=[[isomeric transition|IT]] | de=0.104[[conversion electron|e]] | link1=niobium-91 | pn=91 | ps=Nb}}<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=92 | sym=Nb<br />
|na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl=3.47×10<sup>7</sup>&nbsp;y<br />
|dm1=ε | de1=– | pn1=92 | ps1=Zr<br />
|dm2=γ | de2=0.561, 0.934 | pn2= | ps2=–}}<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=92m1 | sym=Nb<br />
|na=syn | hl=10&nbsp;d<br />
|dm1=ε | de1=– | link1=zirconium-92 | pn1=92 | ps1=Zr<br />
|dm2=[[gamma ray|γ]] | de2=0.934 | pn2= | ps2=–}}<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=93 | sym=Nb | na=100% | n=52 | firstlinks=yes}}<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=93m | sym=Nb<br />
|na=syn | hl=16&nbsp;y<br />
|dm=IT | de=0.031e | link1=niobium-93 | pn=93 | ps=Nb}}<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=94 | sym=Nb<br />
|na=trace | hl=20.3×10<sup>3</sup>&nbsp;y<br />
|dm1=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de1=0.471 | link1=molybdenum-94 | pn1=94 | ps1=Mo<br />
|dm2=γ | de2=0.702, 0.871 | pn2= | ps2=–}}<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=95 | sym=Nb<br />
|na=syn | hl=35&nbsp;d<br />
|dm1=β<sup>−</sup> | de1=0.159 | link1=molybdenum-95 | pn1=95 | ps1=Mo<br />
|dm2=γ | de2=0.765 | pn2= | ps2=– }}<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=95m | sym=Nb<br />
|na=syn | hl=4&nbsp;d<br />
|dm=IT | de=0.235 | link1=niobium-95 | pn=95 | ps=Nb}}<br />
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=96 | sym=Nb<br />
|na=syn | hl=24&nbsp;h<br />
|dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=– | link1=molybdenum-96 | pn=96 | ps=Mo}}<br />
|isotopes comment=<br />
|naming=after [[Niobe]] in Greek mythology, daughter of [[Tantalus]] ([[tantalum]])<br />
|discovered by=[[Charles Hatchett]]<br />
|discovery date=1801<br />
|first isolation by=[[Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand]]<br />
|first isolation date=1864<br />
|history comment label=Recognized as a distinct [[chemical element|element]] by<br />
|history comment=[[Heinrich Rose]] (1844)<br />
|QID=Q1046<br />
}}<!--<br />
<br />
--><noinclude><br />
{{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=Nb}}<br />
{{Template reference list}}<br />
{{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}}<br />
</noinclude></div>
setup>ComplexRational