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[[Image:Self-aligning-roller-thrust-bearing din728 ex.png|thumb|200px|A spherical roller thrust bearing]]
A '''spherical roller thrust bearing''' is a [[rolling-element bearing]] of [[Thrust bearing|thrust type]] that permits rotation with low friction, and permits angular misalignment. The bearing is designed to take radial loads, and heavy axial loads in one direction. Typically these bearings support a rotating shaft in the bore of the shaft washer that may be misaligned in respect to the housing washer. The misalignment is possible due to the spherical internal shape of the house washer.<ref name=misalignment>{{cite web|title=Misalignment|url=http://www.skf.com/us/products/bearings-units-housings/roller-bearings/spherical-roller-bearings/misalignment/index.html|publisher=SKF|accessdate=5 December 2013}}</ref>

==Construction==
Spherical roller thrust bearings consist of a shaft washer (for radial bearings often called "inner ring"), a housing washer (for radial bearings often called "outer ring"), asymmetrical rollers and a cage.<ref name="SKF SRTB">{{cite book|title=SKF Spherical roller thrust bearings|year=2010|publisher=SKF|url=http://www.skf.com/binary/12-121034/06104_1-EN.pdf}}</ref> There are also bearing units available that can take axial loads in two directions.

==History==
The spherical roller thrust bearing was introduced by [[SKF]] in 1939.<ref>{{cite web|title=Early history|url=http://www.skf.com/group/our-company/skf-history/index.html|publisher=SKF|accessdate=17 December 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116060342/http://www.skf.com/group/our-company/skf-history/index.html|archivedate=16 November 2015}}</ref> The design of the early bearings is similar to the design that is still in use in modern machines.

==Designs==
[[File:Schema Roller thrust bearing, self-aligning.svg|thumb|Section view of a spherical roller thrust bearing]]

The internal design of the bearing is not standardised by ISO, so it varies between different manufacturers and different series. Some of the design parameters are:
* Roller shape and dimensions
* Flange design
* Non-rotational notches in house washer

The spherical roller thrust bearings have the highest load rating density of all thrust bearings.<ref name=WhySRTB>{{cite web|title=Why Spherical roller thrust bearings|url=http://www.skf.com/binary/12-101526/Why-SKF-sheet-for-SRTB---6548_EN.pdf|work=6548/1|publisher=SKF|accessdate=17 December 2013}}</ref>

==Dimensions==
External dimensions of spherical roller bearings are standardised by [[ISO]] in the standard ISO 104:2015.
<ref>{{cite web|title=Dimensions|url=http://www.skf.com/group/products/bearings-units-housings/ball-bearings/principles/bearing-data-general/dimensions/index.html|publisher=SKF|accessdate=5 December 2013}}</ref>
Some common series of spherical roller bearings are:
* 292
* 293
* 294

==Materials==
Bearing rings and rolling elements can be made of a number of different materials, but the most common is "chrome steel", a material with approximately 1.5% chrome content. Such "chrome steel" has been standardized by a number of authorities, and there are therefore a number of similar materials, such as: AISI 52100 (USA), 100CR6 (Germany), SUJ2 (Japan) and GCR15 (China).<ref>{{cite web|title=Bearing materials|url=http://www.astbearings.com/bearing-materials.html|publisher=AST Bearings|accessdate=5 December 2013}}</ref>

Some common materials for bearing cages:<ref>{{cite web|title=Cage materials|url=http://www.skf.com/group/products/bearings-units-housings/roller-bearings/principles/bearing-data-general/materials-for-rolling-bearings/cage-materials/index.html|publisher=SKF|accessdate=5 December 2013}}</ref>
* [[Sheet steel]] (stamped or laser-cut)
* [[Brass]] (stamped or machined)
* [[Steel]] (machined)

The choice of material is mainly done by the manufacturing volume and method. For large-volume bearings, cages are often of stamped sheet-metal, whereas low volume series often have cages of machined brass or machined steel.

==Manufacturers==
Some manufacturers of ''spherical roller bearings'' are [[SKF]], [[Schaeffler]], [[Timken Company]] and [[NSK Ltd.]].

==Applications==
Spherical roller thrust bearings are used in industrial applications, where there are heavy axial loads, moderate speeds and possibly misalignment.
Some common application areas are:<ref name=WhySRTB />

* [[Transmission (mechanics)|Gearboxes]]
* [[Pulp and paper]] processing equipment (notably refiners)
* [[Marine propulsion]] and [[offshore drilling]]
* [[Crane (machine)|Cranes]] and [[swing bridge]]s
* [[Water turbine]]s
* [[Plastics extrusion|Extruders]] for injection molding

==See also==
* [[Bearing (mechanical)]]
* [[Rolling-element bearing]]
* [[Self-aligning ball bearing]]
* [[Spherical bearing|Spherical plain bearing]]
* [[Spherical roller bearing]]
* [[Tapered roller bearing]]
* [[Thrust bearing]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Bearings (mechanical)]]
[[Category:Rolling-element bearings]]
[[Category:Mechanical engineering]]
[[Category:Swedish inventions]]

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